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Spravato’s mechanism of action involves blocking the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, a key component of the glutamate neurotransmitter system. Glutamate is one of the primary excitatory neurotransmitters in the brain, playing a crucial role in synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory. Dysregulation of glutamate signaling has been implicated in various neuropsychiatric disorders, including depression.
By blocking the NMDA receptor, Spravato modulates glutamate neurotransmission, leading to complex downstream effects. One important consequence is the rapid increase in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels. BDNF is a protein that promotes the growth, survival, and differentiation of neurons, and it plays a crucial role in neuroplasticity—the brain’s ability to adapt and rewire itself in response to experience.
The rapid elevation of BDNF levels triggered by Spravato is believed to be one of the mechanisms underlying its antidepressant effects. Increased BDNF levels may promote synaptic plasticity and neurogenesis (the formation of new neurons) in key brain regions implicated in depression, such as the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. These structural and functional changes in the brain may contribute to the alleviation of depressive symptoms and the restoration of normal mood regulation.
By targeting the glutamate system and enhancing BDNF levels, Spravato offers a unique approach to treating depression that complements traditional antidepressants, which primarily act on monoamine neurotransmitters. This novel mechanism of action may help explain Spravato’s rapid onset of action and its effectiveness in individuals who have not responded to other treatments.
Spravato is known for its relatively rapid onset of action compared to traditional antidepressants. Many patients may start to notice improvements in their depressive symptoms within a few days to a week after beginning treatment, although individual responses can vary.
During clinical trials, some participants experienced significant improvement in their symptoms within hours after receiving Spravato, leading to its characterization as a “rapid-acting” antidepressant. However, it’s essential to note that not everyone responds to Spravato in the same way, and some individuals may require several treatments before experiencing noticeable benefits.
Spravato is known for its relatively rapid onset of action compared to traditional antidepressants. Many patients may start to notice improvements in their depressive symptoms within a few days to a week after beginning treatment, although individual responses can vary.
During clinical trials, some participants experienced significant improvement in their symptoms within hours after receiving Spravato, leading to its characterization as a “rapid-acting” antidepressant. However, it’s essential to note that not everyone responds to Spravato in the same way, and some individuals may require several treatments before experiencing noticeable benefits.
Some individuals may experience drowsiness, feeling sleepy, or decreased alertness after receiving a dose of Spravato. This sedative effect can occur during the treatment session and may persist for some time afterward.
Dissociative experiences may involve feelings of detachment from oneself, one's surroundings, or reality in general. These experiences can vary widely in intensity and duration, ranging from mild to more profound dissociative states.
Spravato has been known to cause transient increases in blood pressure, particularly in the hours immediately following administration. These increases can be significant and may require monitoring during and after treatment sessions.
Some individuals may experience these gastrointestinal symptoms during or shortly after receiving a dose of Spravato. The incidence of nausea and vomiting with Spravato treatment can vary among individuals, and these side effects may be more common during the initial phases of treatment or with higher doses.
While Spravato is primarily used to treat depression, some individuals may experience increased anxiety during or after receiving a dose of the medication. The incidence of anxiety with Spravato treatment can vary among individuals, and it may be more common in those who are predisposed to anxiety or have a history of anxiety disorders.
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